Wednesday, January 03, 2007

There Is No Old Testament

It is often believed that when Jesus said, “Do not think that I have come to abolish the law or the Prophets; I have not come to abolish them but to fulfill them” (Matthew 5:17) that he is saying, “I have not come to nullify them, but finish them off and start a new one.” With this thought in mind, most of Christendom believes that Jesus was teaching that he came to obey all the commands, close the old book, and write a new book. As we study the very Hebraic nature of the idiomatic words and phrases “to come,” “to abolish,” and “to fulfill,” we will find the true meaning of Jesus’ words.

According to David Bivin in his book, New Light on the Difficult Words of Jesus, when Jesus says that he did not “come,” the word that he would have used was often idiomatically used to denote his intent or purpose rather than meaning he left one place and came to another. In other words, Jesus is saying, “My purpose is not to…but to…” In the King James Version, the original word for abolish was translated “to destroy the law.” According to Bivin, this is not a correct translation as the probable Hebrew equivalent of the Greek verb, levatel, which literally means “to cancel” was often used among the educated teachers during the time of Jesus, and it meant “to misinterpret a biblical mitzvah or commandment.”

Bivin goes on to teach that the probable Hebrew equivalent of the Greek verb plerosai, which is translated “fulfill,” is lekayem, which was often used as the opposite for levatel and meant “to clearly or properly interpret a commandment.”

All of this leads us to understand that it is very possible that Jesus is saying, “I did not come to misinterpret the law and the prophets, but to clearly interpret them” denoting that God’s people needed His instructions reiterated and clarified.

Knowing that Jesus as a Jewish rabbi greatly valued, respected, and kept the Hebrew Scriptures, we should consider that Jesus would not have given a new Bible to the world; he gave clarity to God’s original instructions, not to replace them, but to be placed with them. As one who agrees with this understanding of Jesus’ words, I would add that it does harm to the Church to consider the “New Testament” a new law, rather than a clarification with two amendments. The two amendments to the instructions of God are the release from making blood sacrifices as Jesus became a permanent sacrifice, and all people are now welcome to become a part of God's chosen people.

Furthermore, the approach of considering the “Old Testament” to be an outdated and finished up book of rules replaced by Jesus’ book of grace would appear to resemble the teachings of Marcion who completely rejected the Old Testament and considered it to be the scriptures of a cruel and completely different God from the God of the New testament. Marcion’s influences from Gnostic beliefs have unwittingly been carried on within Christian theology, philosophy, and practice whether overtly recognized or revealed in more sinister and hidden ways.

It may be that the practice of printing Bibles which are without the Old Testament is justified by a hint of Marcionism and the anti-Jewish culture that has been cultivated by the post-70 A. D. movement of the Church.

I want to do my best to fulfill Jesus' words and never abolish them.

In His dust,
Johnny

14 comments:

Anonymous said...

I never really thought about the copying of 'bibles' without the Old testiment included...it really doesn't make sense.
I believe the New testiment are writings divinely inspired by God and that they have not been as effected by human error as others believe, (other than language interpretations) but you really can't elliminate the Old Testiment from biblical reproduction...It's the meat of the scripture.
Good stuff.

Johnny said...

Thanks, Kathy.

It's really interesting to study the vorlage (text behind the text) using the research of professionals who are very familiar with the languages and cultures of ancient people.

By studying the Gospels along with the culture of the time and people, it becomes a matter of simply knowing the way people lived and talked that reveals the genuine words and the later additions or subtractions from ancient texts like the New Testament.

Though our own desire is to have a perfect text, it may be that our trust in God’s preservation tactics has only allowed us to give up our own responsibility to preserve the words of our Bible, especially the New Testament. This is not easy to accept, and many who choose to ignore the possibility that Greek and Roman influenced scribes had no agenda is to the benefit of their consciences.

For me, it would seem that it's very possible that recognizing a possibility of impurities doesn't weaken the Bible, but strengthens it by way of God's grace to make known to His people the corruption of His word so that we are able to clean it up. If it's true that the later translations of a book like Mark have been polluted, then there is no harm in seeking other ancient historical writings of the first century culture and context in order to find the purest form of that book.

In His dust,
Johnny

Anonymous said...

I would put my opinion out there to say that the Old Testament IS THE bible.

The rest (Talmud, Midrash, New Testament) isn't God's word, it's just commentary on God's word.

Cory

Johnny said...

Cory,

You will never lack for opportunities to grow and get stronger.

I don't know if I'd step out that far. I would say that I agree with you that it is all commentary; except for I would add that commentary is inspired by God as a way for His teachers to teach the yoke that we are to follow.

I would also add that the New Covenant is found in the Gospels in that it shows us that two changes have been made to the initial covenant, which God promised would happen:

1. There is no longer a need for blood sacrifices as Jesus made himself the final sacrifice as his payment for the bride was his own blood.
2. All people are welcome to enter into the Kingdom as followers of Jesus and his clear interpretation of God's Word.

Even with that, I woud agree that the New Testament is clarification of God's instructions, not a new book of instructions.

Grace and peace,
Johnny

Anonymous said...

Thanks for the response but don't be afraid to step out with me. I am feeling lonley out here.

I agree that commentary is inspired but that does not make it God's Word (logos) but God's word(rhema).

I was reading recently that with the Old Testament, the Gospels, and Acts 1-15, 90% of the Bible is Hebrew. Wow.

Johnny said...

Hey Cory,

I just read the same information. David Bivin's "Understanding the Difficult Words of Jesus” is where I read it.

I agree with you completely about the New Testament being a fulfillment of the Hebrew Scriptures, which is Jesus' yoke.

Thank you for being a great student of the Word. The more we learn the more we recognize that we have so much more to grasp about the instructions of God.

There is also the fact, according to Jewish historians, that the Torah and the Mishnah were believed to be given to Moses at the same time on Mt. Sinai. The Torah was the instructions of God and the Mishnah was the authority for God's chosen teachers to "bind" and "loose" His instructions for the people.

Grace and peace,
Johnny

Kathy said...

Cory and Johnny,
Watch out for lightening bolts.
Just kidding.
LOVE!

Anonymous said...

I have a question.

When you became an officer you had to recite and say that you believed the armys docterine. Since most of what you are discovering goes against what the army teaches and believes how does this new information affect your officership?

614:leadership said...

Jason,

I think a good way to look at it is by using the following illustration:

Let's say that you and Kathy have been married for a while, as you have, and let's say that in a couple of years Kathy tells you that her past is not the person that you thought or that she told you. A lot of the history of your marriage has been based on a lie. You feel like you have been lied to.

Now, you are still married and you would probably work to bring truth to the marriage.

This is what we are doing with the Army. And not just us by the way but all the way up to past Generals (Burrows, Gowens, Larssen)down to Soldiers, Officers and even Divisional Commanders.

Some are a little more suttle with their disagrements than Johnny or myself but if the highest ranking Army Officers are asking the same questions, then I think we are OK to also.

Does that make sense?

Cory

Johnny said...

Hi Jason,

What I'm discovering doesn't go against the doctrines that I proclaim to believe.

If you are suggesting that the New Testament being commentary, rather than a new "Law" means that I don’t believe it is divinely inspired, then we are having a misunderstanding over a matter of semantics.

I believe that Scripture is inspired by God and that Scripture only constitute the divine rule of Christian faith and practice just as much as any other officer. The difference is that I am willing to say that I believe commentary is also inspired by God. Commentary is nothing more than man's ability to interpret Scripture.

We have many different Christian songbooks, doctrines, practices, and denominations only because of our God-given ability to interpret Scripture to the best of our ability and according to conscience.

The reason one denomination baptizes and another doesn't is based on their interpretation of Scripture. This is a denomination's "yoke." We all follow a "yoke" whether we want to or not.

If The Salvation Army truly believed that there were no other divinely inspired words and teachings of God, then why would I have to live by the doctrines? Even those doctrines are believed to be divinely inspired, or I wouldn't be held responsible for believing and practicing them. If we didn’t believe that songs were divinely inspired, then we wouldn’t sing and protect them with such care.

I think there is a lot of contradiction within the church. Fleshing that out gives me great delight.

Grace and peace,
Johnny

Anonymous said...

Corey,

Thanks for the illistration. It makes a great deal of sence. I enjoy these conversations because they are free of so much of the dogma that exists in the church. I will admit that all of these debates make me a little uneasy because the force me out of my comfort zone. There was a time when I thought I knew what it meant to be christian. Not so much anymore. I still believe in the basic tennants of our faith but the religion you and johnny describe in the blogs seem so diffrent from what I have been taught.

Anonymous said...

Johnny,

Thanks for the clarification. So many of the terms used in your discussions are forign to me. I think it is easy to misunderstand your intent do to my own self proclaimed ignorance on many of these subject matters.

Jason

614:leadership said...

Jason,

Johnny and I were talking earlier and said that "3 years and 10 books ago, this was all new to what we had been taught." The cool part is that we can come to Flocks Diner and ask questions and debate and reason out the Scriptures in a way free of the Dogma as you say. I like it a lot.

cory

Anonymous said...

cory,

How can I get in touch with you now that you have moved?